Transport

Trenitalia and Italo high-speed trains between the big cities, dense but slow regional trains, regional buses where rail is missing. EU licences valid, non-EU ones to be converted within a year of residence; ZTL zones in historic centres. Main airports at Rome Fiumicino and Milan Malpensa.

Italy

No motorways: the SS131 Carlo Felice and toll-free state roads, a car is indispensable. Trenitalia railway largely non-electrified (Cagliari–Sassari/Olbia about three hours), ARST narrow-gauge lines, Cagliari and Sassari tramways. Airports of Cagliari, Olbia and Alghero with territorial continuity; ferries from Olbia, Golfo Aranci, Porto Torres, Cagliari and Arbatax.

Sardinia

Urban and suburban transport is run by ATP Sassari, with urban lines (including the PT to Porto Torres) and suburban lines to the outlying villages and Marina di Platamona, plus summer beach lines; tickets can also be bought by app. Alghero airport is 33 km away, linked all year by ARST buses.

Sassari

Public mobility is run by ARST, whose website lists suburban, urban and rail services (including the Macomer–Nuoro line) and sells electronic tickets on the DropTicket, Tabnet and Around Sardinia apps. The municipality issues the pass for limited-traffic zones and runs a municipal transport service for residents with disabilities.

Nuoro

CTM buses in the city and hinterland; ARST metro-tram from Piazza Repubblica to Monserrato (Policlinico) and Settimo San Pietro; Trenitalia trains from the Piazza Matteotti station, with the Elmas Aeroporto stop a few minutes away. Ferries to Civitavecchia, Naples, Palermo, Arbatax. Limited-traffic zones in the four historic quarters; a compact, cyclable city.

Cagliari

Slow railways (Palermo–Catania about three hours, being upgraded), intercity buses often faster, Catania metro and Circumetnea (FCE). Airports of Catania (the busiest), Palermo, Trapani, Comiso, Lampedusa and Pantelleria. Strait ferries, overnight ships to Naples, Civitavecchia, Genoa, Livorno and Salerno; hydrofoils to the minor islands.

Sicily

Urban public transport is run by ATM S.p.A. Trapani, whose winter timetables for all lines apply from 5 October 2026 to 15 June 2027. The municipality has started the procedure to re-award the urban bus service. Trapani-Birgi airport, run by Airgest, has flights to Lampedusa, Pantelleria and several Italian and European cities.

Trapani

Since 2023 urban transport has been run by SAIS Autolinee with a 12-line network, including two north–south trunk lines and an Ortigia circular. Ortigia has a limited-traffic zone whose hours the Comune has changed several times: check the ordinance in force. Trains reach the Catania Fontanarossa airport stop.

Syracuse

The urban local bus service is the subject of an award procedure: the municipality published the award report on 24 April 2026, later amended in June after comments by the Transport Regulation Authority. Students under 20 with ISEE up to 25,000 euros can get the free monthly urban pass. The airport is Comiso.

Ragusa

AMAT runs buses and four tram lines; Trenitalia's Passante railway works as a surface metro and reaches Punta Raisi airport. Ferries from the port to Naples, Genoa, Civitavecchia, Livorno, Cagliari and Tunis. Limited-traffic zone in the historic centre on weekdays. Heavy traffic: the car is the most common choice but the slowest.

Palermo

One tram line (no. 28) runs through the city from south to north in about 40 minutes; the ATM bus network reaches the villages with a "comb" system. Ferries to Villa San Giovanni leave the Rada San Francesco 24 hours a day, Blu Jet fast ships also go to Reggio. To fly: trains to Catania airport or Reggio airport.

Messina

In the Transport Regulation Authority's comments the urban service has 8 lines and the outgoing operator is SAIS; the new tender is a single lot for 9 years. The municipality offers the ENbike municipal bike sharing. The current operator should be checked.

Enna

AMTS runs buses, parking, ZTL permits and CTGO sharing; the Ferrovia Circumetnea runs the metro and the railway around Etna; the railway does not run on Sundays and holidays. Fontanarossa has a Trenitalia stop linked to the terminal by a bus, with dozens of trains a day from Catania Centrale, and the Alibus line.

Catania

According to the Transport Regulation Authority the urban service is run by TIEMME under a temporary award, with a new 9-year single-lot tender planned. The municipality has introduced the ParkingMyCar app for blue-line parking and in December 2025 published the PUMS documents.

Caltanissetta

The municipality reports the Agrigento-Palermo Airport rail link, whose morning train was brought forward to 7:48 at the administration's request, and the tourist trains of the Ferrovia dei Templi, running during the Mandorlo in Fiore. Tourist coaches pay a parking fee at the Check Point.

Agrigento

Tyrrhenian Salerno–Reggio line with Frecce and Intercity trains (Lamezia, Paola, Reggio), slow and partly single-track Ionian line. Ferrovie della Calabria for the Sila and buses. Airports of Lamezia Terme (main), Reggio and Crotone. Villa San Giovanni–Messina ferries. Toll-free A2 Mediterranean motorway, SS106 Jonica being upgraded. A car is indispensable.

Calabria

The municipality publishes timetables and stops for seven urban lines (A–G) and runs paid parking through San Luca Multiservice and the EasyPark app. The reference airport is Lamezia Terme, linked to Vibo Valentia by coach services and reachable via the A3 or SS 18.

Vibo Valentia

ATAM runs the city buses: 66 of its vehicles, about half the fleet, are electric. Lines 27 and 28 run from the Centrale station to "Tito Minniti" airport, about 8 km away, which also has a railway stop. Students and staff of the Mediterranea University ride free on some lines. Blu Jet fast ships go to Messina.

Reggio Calabria

AMC runs 42 bus lines, the Sala–Piazza Roma funicular every 15 minutes and a panoramic lift. Trenitalia trains from Catanzaro Lido on the Ionian line and to Lamezia Terme, where Intercity and Frecce stop; Ferrovie della Calabria between the centre and the Lido. Airport at Lamezia (about 35 km). A car is almost indispensable.

Catanzaro

Crotone's ZTL covers lungomare Cristoforo Colombo, viale Gramsci and a stretch of via Poggioreale. The Comune publishes form A for the transit-and-parking permit and form B for vehicles with a disability permit; hours vary by season and are in the municipal notices.

Crotone

The municipality issues parking cards, permits and badges (CUDE) through an online portal; its mobility services also list school buses and social transport for people with disabilities. The link to the University of Calabria is run by Consorzio Autolinee from piazza Autostazione. The monthly pass price is in the data.

Cosenza

No airport (Bari is the closest, about an hour from Matera); Potenza on the Battipaglia–Metaponto railway, Matera reachable by train only on the Ferrovie Appulo Lucane from Bari. Coaches to Naples, Salerno, Rome and Bari. Basentana and Potenza–Melfi state roads, A2 in the Lagonegro area. A car is indispensable.

Basilicata

City buses run by Trotta Mobility and a 1.3 km system of public escalators, the longest in Europe according to the national tourism agency, linking the lower districts with the centre. Trenitalia trains to Salerno-Naples and Taranto; the line to Melfi and Foggia has had RFI works in 2024–2026; Ferrovie Appulo Lucane to Bari. No airport in the region: Naples, Bari or Salerno.

Potenza

In Matera trains from Bari are run by FAL (Matera Centrale, Matera Sud, Villa Longo); the nearest FS station is Ferrandina-Scalo Matera. City buses are run by ATI Miccolis, with the Linea Sassi every 30 minutes and tickets on the Dropticket app. The municipality has a ZTL section, with the via Piave ZTL under discussion in 2025.

Matera

Adriatic line with Frecce trains to Bari, Lecce and Taranto; regional railways run by five operators (Trenitalia, FS Sud Est, Ferrotramviaria, Ferrovie Appulo Lucane, Ferrovie del Gargano). Bari and Brindisi airports, Foggia reopened. Ports of Bari and Brindisi for Greece, Albania, Croatia and Montenegro. In the Salento and inland Foggia area a car is needed.

Apulia

The Comune di Trani announces the electric bike sharing of the STEP project, with two stations of ten pedal-assist bikes each, at piazza Plebiscito and piazza Marinai d'Italia. The municipal "Mobilità e trasporti" page gives no other information on urban transport, ZTL or parking. The pass is in the data.

Trani

Kyma Mobilità (formerly AMAT) runs city buses, with timetables and real-time arrivals, paid parking and boat lines. A BRT network is under construction, with temporary diversions on some lines. Students are offered a promotional annual pass. The old town is linked to the Borgo by the swing bridge.

Taranto

Lecce's urban public transport and paid parking are run by SGM, a company wholly owned by the municipality. The winter timetable has been in force since 14 September (2026); there is an app for tickets, one for parking and an online front office for permits. The pass price is in the data.

Lecce

Foggia is served by long-distance and regional trains. Urban and suburban buses and car parks are run by ATAF; Ferrovie del Gargano runs trains to Lucera and Peschici and regional and long-distance buses. For air travel the University points to Bari airport; by car the city is reached from the A14 and A16.

Foggia

Local public transport is run by STP Brindisi, which publishes Brindisi's urban timetables and two bus links with the airport, one to the centre and one to the railway station, both via Costa Morena. Tickets and passes are also sold online or on the MyCard through COTRAP; passes must be validated at each boarding.

Brindisi

The Comune publishes timetables for urban lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 11 and 12, line 1 bis for the industrial zone and three shuttles. Barletta is the end of the Ferrotramviaria Bari–Barletta railway, which at the last check was interrupted between Andria Sud and Barletta. The pass is in the data.

Barletta

AMTAB city buses with park-and-ride lots; Bari Centrale is a hub for Trenitalia, Ferrotramviaria (airport train), Ferrovie del Sud Est and Ferrovie Appulo Lucane (Matera). Ferries from the port to Albania, Greece and Montenegro. The old town is a limited-traffic zone; ring-road congestion is the weak point.

Bari

Andria is on the Ferrotramviaria Bari–Barletta line. At the last check the line was interrupted between Andria Sud and Barletta for works, with replacement buses. The same system runs the rail link to Bari-Palese airport. The monthly pass is in the data.

Andria

High-speed rail Rome–Naples–Salerno, Trenitalia regional network plus the EAV lines (Circumvesuviana, Cumana, Circumflegrea), metro and funiculars in Naples. Capodichino airport (with Catania the busiest in the South) and Salerno Costa d'Amalfi. Ferries and hydrofoils to Capri, Ischia and Procida. A1, A3, A16, A30 and the A2 Mediterranean motorway from Salerno.

Campania

Buses are run by Busitalia Campania, with tickets from the regional UnicoCampania system and contactless tickets on board. Public lifts and escalators run by Salerno Mobilità link the hillside districts. Salerno Airlink goes to the Costa d'Amalfi airport; a Busitalia bus also links the centre with Naples Capodichino. The port has Zaha Hadid's Maritime Station.

Salerno

The network is run by several operators — ANM (metro Lines 1 and 6, funiculars, buses, trams), Trenitalia (Line 2), EAV (Circumvesuviana, Cumana, Circumflegrea) — integrated in UnicoCampania tickets. Capodichino airport is a few kilometres from the centre, linked by the Alibus. The old centre and Chiaia have camera-controlled ZTLs; driving is not advisable.

Naples

Metro Line 1 has Vanvitelli and Quattro Giornate stations in Vomero and, heading down towards the centre, Salvator Rosa: from there it reaches Museo, Dante, Toledo and Municipio, where you change for Line 6.

Vomero

The Mergellina funicular climbs from Mergellina to via Manzoni with three intermediate stops. Bus 140 runs along via Posillipo to Mergellina, the Riviera di Chiaia and piazza del Plebiscito; the C21 serves the upper part from Mergellina to Posillipo Capo and the C31 links Posillipo Capo and via Manzoni with Vomero.

Posillipo

Three networks meet: EAV's Cumana (Fuorigrotta, Mostra and Edenlandia stations), ANM's Line 6 (Mostra, Augusto, Lala) and Line 2 at Napoli Campi Flegrei station. After the earthquake of 31 July 2026 the Cumana has been running over its full length again since 11 September 2026.

Fuorigrotta

Line 1 crosses the centre with Museo, Dante, Toledo, Municipio, Università and Duomo stations; at Municipio you change for Line 6. From Montesanto the Cumana runs to Fuorigrotta, Bagnoli and Pozzuoli and the Circumflegrea to Licola.

Historic centre